Hog hunting in New Hampshire presents a unique challenge for sportsmen. The state has a small but established population of feral swine, primarily concentrated in the southwestern region. These animals are not considered game species in New Hampshire, but are legally classified as escaped private property.

The presence of feral hogs in the Granite State can be traced back to Corbin Park, a vast private hunting preserve spanning over 25,000 acres. This enclosed area has been home to wild pigs since the 1890s. Some of these animals have escaped over the years, leading to concerns about their impact on native wildlife and ecosystems.

New Hampshire Fish and Game Department works closely with USDA Wildlife Services to monitor and manage the feral swine population. Hunters interested in pursuing these elusive animals must obtain permission from property owners, as the hogs are not legally designated as wildlife. The state encourages reporting sightings of feral swine to help track their movements and prevent further spread.

The History of Hog Hunting in New Hampshire

Hog hunting in New Hampshire has a unique and complex history, centered around a private hunting preserve that introduced Russian boar to the state. This controversial decision shaped the landscape of feral swine populations and hunting practices for decades to come.

Corbin Park and the Arrival of Russian Boar

Corbin Park, established in the 1890s, played a pivotal role in introducing hog hunting to New Hampshire. This 25,000-acre private hunting preserve, located in Sullivan County, brought Russian boar to the state. The park, enclosed by a 12-foot-high fence spanning 26 miles, became a playground for wealthy hunters seeking exotic game.

Corbin Park’s exclusive membership, limited to just 30 individuals, maintained strict control over the boar population within its boundaries. The introduction of these non-native species was intended to provide unique hunting opportunities for the park’s elite clientele.

Transition from Private Preserve to Public Concern

Over time, the containment of Russian boar within Corbin Park became a growing concern. Some animals escaped the enclosure, establishing feral populations in surrounding areas. This transition from a controlled hunting environment to a potential ecological threat raised alarms among wildlife officials and conservationists.

Feral swine, known to carry numerous diseases and parasites, posed risks to native wildlife and agriculture. New Hampshire became the sole Northeastern state with a feral pig population, directly linked to Corbin Park’s introduction.

The state classified feral swine as “Running at Large” under RSA 467:3 in 1949, complicating their legal status. They are not considered game animals but rather escaped private property, requiring landowner permission for hunting outside the park.

Biology of Feral Swine in New Hampshire

Feral swine in New Hampshire present a complex biological profile as an invasive species. Their physical attributes, reproductive patterns, and potential to carry diseases make them a significant concern for wildlife management and public health.

Physical Characteristics and Behavior

Feral swine in New Hampshire typically weigh between 100-200 pounds, though some can grow much larger. They have thick, bristly coats that range from dark brown to black. Their snouts are long and flexible, perfect for rooting and foraging.

These animals are highly adaptable and intelligent. They can thrive in various habitats, from forests to farmlands. Feral swine are primarily nocturnal, but may be active during daylight hours if undisturbed.

Their diet is omnivorous, consisting of plants, small animals, and even carrion. This diverse diet contributes to their success as an invasive species.

Reproductive Habits and Population Growth

Feral swine have impressive reproductive capabilities. Females can breed as young as 6-8 months old and produce 1-2 litters per year. Each litter typically contains 4-6 piglets, but can have up to 12.

Gestation lasts about 115 days. Piglets are weaned after 2-3 months but may stay with their mother for up to a year. This rapid breeding cycle allows feral swine populations to grow quickly if left unchecked.

In New Hampshire, the feral swine population is estimated to be around 500 individuals. Most are believed to originate from escaped or released animals from private hunting preserves.

Parasites and Diseases Carried by Feral Hogs

Feral swine can carry numerous parasites and diseases, posing risks to livestock, wildlife, and humans. Some of the most concerning include:

• Pseudorabies
• Swine brucellosis
• Classical swine fever
• African swine fever
• Trichinosis

These animals can also host ticks and fleas that carry additional diseases. The potential for disease transmission makes feral swine management a critical issue for public health officials and wildlife managers in New Hampshire.

Regular monitoring and testing of the feral swine population helps track the prevalence of these diseases and informs control strategies.

Environmental and Agricultural Impact

Feral swine pose significant threats to New Hampshire’s environment and agriculture. These invasive animals damage crops, disrupt ecosystems, and compete with native wildlife for resources.

Damage to Crops and Farm Lands

Feral pigs cause extensive damage to agricultural lands in New Hampshire. They root up soil and destroy crops, leading to substantial economic losses for farmers. Common targets include corn fields, pastures, and orchards. Their rooting behavior also damages irrigation systems and farm equipment.

Estimates suggest feral swine can cause thousands of dollars in crop damage per year on a single farm. Beyond direct crop losses, their activities increase soil erosion and reduce land productivity. This forces farmers to spend additional time and money on field repairs and replanting.

Threats to Native Wildlife and Ecosystems

Feral pigs negatively impact New Hampshire’s native ecosystems. They compete with native wildlife for food resources like acorns and beechnuts. Their rooting disturbs forest floors, damages tree roots, and alters plant communities. This habitat destruction affects species ranging from ground-nesting birds to salamanders.

Feral swine also prey on small mammals, amphibians, and reptiles. They may transmit diseases to native wildlife populations. Their wallowing behavior in wetlands and streams increases water turbidity and harms aquatic habitats.

Prevention and Control Measures

Controlling feral pig populations in New Hampshire requires a multi-faceted approach:

• Fencing: Installing pig-proof fencing around vulnerable crops and natural areas
• Trapping: Using corral traps to capture entire sounders (groups) of pigs
• Hunting: Allowing controlled hunting to reduce populations
• Monitoring: Conducting regular surveys to track pig distribution and numbers
• Education: Informing the public about the risks of releasing or feeding feral pigs

State agencies work with USDA Wildlife Services on disease surveillance and population control efforts. Farmers are encouraged to report feral pig sightings and damage to aid in management efforts.

Hog Hunting Regulations and Seasons in New Hampshire

Feral swine hunting in New Hampshire is subject to specific regulations and limitations. The state classifies these animals as escaped private property rather than game species.

Laws Governing Feral Hog Hunting

Feral swine have no legal game status in New Hampshire. They are considered “Running at Large” under RSA 467:3 since 1949. Hunters must obtain permission from property owners to pursue these animals.

The state does not issue specific licenses for feral swine hunting. Hunters must comply with general hunting regulations, including possessing a valid hunting license.

Firearms and archery equipment used for other game species are typically allowed for feral hog hunting. Hunters should check local ordinances for any restrictions on weapon use.

Permitted Hunting Seasons and Restrictions

New Hampshire does not have a designated open season for feral swine. Hunting is permitted year-round with landowner permission.

Hunters must adhere to general hunting hours, typically from 30 minutes before sunrise to 30 minutes after sunset.

There are no bag limits for feral swine in New Hampshire. Hunters can take multiple animals in a single outing.

Night hunting and baiting regulations for feral swine may vary. Hunters should consult with the New Hampshire Fish and Game Department for current rules.

Hunters must report any feral swine harvests to the state wildlife agency to aid in population monitoring and management efforts.

Hunter Resources and Education

New Hampshire offers comprehensive resources for hunters pursuing feral swine. Proper education and preparation are crucial for safe and ethical hunting practices.

Hunting Techniques and Best Practices

Tracking feral swine requires patience and skill. Hunters should look for signs like rooting, tracks, and wallows. Early morning and late evening are prime times for hog activity. Baiting is effective but check local regulations first.

Proper shot placement is critical. Aim for the shoulder area to ensure a clean, ethical kill. Use appropriate firearms and ammunition for hog hunting. .308 Winchester and 12-gauge slugs are popular choices.

Hunters must obtain permission from landowners before pursuing feral swine on private property. Always follow New Hampshire’s hunting regulations and seasons.

Safety Measures and Disease Prevention

Safety is paramount when hunting feral swine. Wear blaze orange clothing to remain visible to other hunters. Be aware of your surroundings and know your target before shooting.

Feral swine can carry diseases transmissible to humans. Wear gloves when field dressing. Thoroughly cook all wild pork to an internal temperature of 165°F.

Participate in disease surveillance programs by submitting samples to New Hampshire Fish and Game. This helps monitor population health and protects both wildlife and human populations.

Always clean and disinfect equipment after hunting to prevent disease spread. Proper hygiene reduces the risk of zoonotic infections.

Community Engagement and Support

Effective management of feral hogs in New Hampshire requires active participation from various stakeholders. Collaborative efforts between farmers, hunters, and local communities play a crucial role in controlling the hog population and minimizing damage to agricultural lands.

Collaboration Between Farmers and Hunters

Farmers in New Hampshire often partner with local hunters to address feral hog issues on their properties. This collaboration allows hunters access to private lands for hog hunting, while farmers benefit from reduced crop damage. Some farmers offer guided hunts or lease hunting rights to manage hog populations effectively.

Hunters provide valuable assistance by tracking and removing hogs, particularly in hard-to-reach areas. They also help monitor hog movements and population trends, sharing this information with farmers and wildlife officials.

Public Awareness and Education Efforts

New Hampshire Fish and Game Department organizes workshops and seminars to educate the public about feral hog impacts and control methods. These events cover topics such as:

• Hog identification
• Damage prevention techniques
• Legal hunting regulations
• Proper disposal of carcasses

Local conservation groups also contribute to public awareness by distributing informational pamphlets and hosting community meetings. These efforts aim to increase understanding of the ecological and economic threats posed by feral hogs.

Role of Media and Outreach Programs

Media outlets in New Hampshire play a significant role in raising awareness about feral hog issues. NHPR, for example, has featured stories about hog hunting and its impact on local ecosystems. Sam Evans-Brown, a journalist, has reported on unique hunting areas like the 25,000-acre private hunting park in the state.

Social media campaigns and online resources provide up-to-date information on hog sightings and control efforts. The New Hampshire Fish and Game Department maintains an active online presence, sharing tips for identifying and reporting feral hog activity.

Local outdoor recreation groups often include feral hog information in their newsletters and events, reaching a broader audience of nature enthusiasts and potential volunteer monitors.